GSTHR resources

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What are nicotine pouches?

Nicotine pouches are a relatively new product which can provide users of high-risk tobacco with an alternative that poses fewer risks to their health. Here we provide an introduction to the tobacco harm reduction potential of this category.

The right to health and the right to tobacco harm reduction

Tobacco harm reduction is not only a potentially life-saving public health intervention for the world’s 1.1 billion smokers, it's also supported by international human rights law. Here we make the case for promoting tobacco harm reduction as a health rights issue.

What is Tobacco Harm Reduction?

Tobacco harm reduction is a potentially life-saving intervention for millions of people across the world who use high-risk tobacco products, offering them the chance to switch to a range of safer nicotine products. Here, we provide a detailed introduction to the principles, history and evidence for this vital public health strategy.

The UK and tobacco: successful elements of a harm reduction strategy and the chance to influence the international response to smoking

The UK is a world leader in tobacco harm reduction (THR), but it can still do more. Here, we argue COP9 presents the UK with the perfect opportunity to both display its THR credentials on the global stage and to champion the benefits of safer nicotine products.

Fighting the Last War: the WHO and International Tobacco Control

Harry Shapiro (UK) - K•A•C

The latest report from K∙A∙C’s Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction (GSTHR) argues that “tobacco control policy is frozen in time” while “innovative non-combustible nicotine technology and supporting evidence have moved forwards”. The status quo keeps adult smokers smoking rather than switching to safer nicotine, favouring the tobacco industry. …

Philanthrocapitalism: Direction of the Global Funding Streams

- Burning Issues: The Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction 2020

The second and more significant financial input into both US and global campaigning against THR has come from Bloomberg Philanthropies (BP), with some assistance from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF). This is a ‘simplified’ picture of the direction of the global funding streams, much of which appears devoted to action against tobacco harm …

Countries Where Heated Tobacco Products Are Marketed

- Burning Issues: The Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction 2020

In line with many high-income countries, Japan has seen significant declines in daily adult smoking rates, although it is behind in public smoking bans, preferring instead to have designated smoking areas. Japan toughened up laws in major cities like Tokyo ahead of the 2020 Olympic Games (now postponed until 2021), although protecting bystanders from second-hand …

Information Growth at Subsequent Levels of the Estimation Process

- Burning Issues: The Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction 2020

This infographic represents the statistical methods we used to estimate the global number of vapers in 2020 (see p.156 of the GSTHR report Burning Issues: The Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction 2020). Based on the available information, we calculated the average prevalence of vaping for the WHO region, World Bank income classifications and legal …

Individual Health to Public Health

- Burning Issues: The Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction 2020

Much attention is given to ‘expert’ views on the use of safer nicotine products (SNP). Little attention is paid to the millions of ex-smokers who benefit from SNP and who will suffer should legislation grow increasingly prohibitionist. …

Tobacco Harm Reduction - Origins

- Burning Issues: The Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction 2020

“The case is advanced for selected nicotine replacement products to be made as palatable and acceptable as possible and actively promoted on the open market to enable them to compete with tobacco products. There will also need to be health authority endorsement, tax advantages and support from the anti-smoking movement if tobacco use is to …

Legal Status of Nicotine Vaping Products

- Burning Issues: The Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction 2020

Beyond the big picture there is a whole panoply of regulatory options covering product registration, safety and limitations (such as nicotine content, and flavour bans), taxation levels, online sales, age-purchase limitations and public space vaping. For country specific detail, see the GSTHR website. …

Estimated Trends in the Worldwide Number of Vapers

- Burning Issues: The Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction 2020

We estimate that in 2020 there were approximately 68 million nicotine vaping product users worldwide. However, this estimate should be treated with caution, as there is great uncertainty about some of the individual country estimates, and for 152 countries and territories data were missing. …

Surveys on Vaping

- Burning Issues: The Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction 2020

Estimates of the prevalence of vaping are critical to measuring the uptake and coverage of THR. However, information on the prevalence of vaping is still scarce in many countries. …