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Vapeo de cigarrillos electrónicos in Estados Unidos

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United States Background
Datos obtenidos: 2024.   Página actualizada: 2026-03-20

En Estados Unidos, la regulación de los cigarrillos electrónicos varía según el estado. En general, de acuerdo con las leyes federales, estos productos están permitidos y se regulan como productos de tabaco. Las normativas incluyen requisitos como envases a prueba de niños y manipulaciones, así como advertencias sanitarias en el embalaje. Todo envase de cigarrillos electrónicos debe mostrar la declaración: “ADVERTENCIA: Este producto contiene nicotina. La nicotina es una sustancia adictiva.” No existe una restricción federal de edad mínima para la venta, aunque muchos estados establecen sus propios límites, que suelen ser de 21 años. Las estadísticas indican que el uso de cigarrillos electrónicos es común en Estados Unidos. En 2020, se estimaba que había 9.1 millones de usuarios actuales en el país. La prevalencia de vapeo actual en adultos se estimó en 4.5% en 2021, siendo de 4% entre mujeres y de 5.1% entre hombres. Alrededor de 4.3 millones de personas vapeaban a diario en 2020, y la prevalencia de vapeo diario en adultos fue de 1.33%. La prevalencia diaria era ligeramente mayor en hombres adultos (1.74%) en comparación con mujeres adultas (0.99%). En general, el 17% de las personas en EE. UU. indicó haber probado un cigarrillo electrónico alguna vez en 2020. La percepción pública sobre el riesgo de los cigarrillos electrónicos varía: en 2017, el 36.4% de los adultos creía que los cigarrillos electrónicos eran igual de perjudiciales que los cigarrillos convencionales, el 33.9% consideraba que eran menos dañinos, el 4.3% opinaba que eran más dañinos y el 25.3% no tenía idea al respecto.

Prevalencia

9.1 million
1 A
2020
Year Value Reference/Comment
2014 3.7% 2A A
2015 3.2% 2A A
2016 3.2% 2A A
2017 2.8% 2A A
2017 3.2% 2B
2018 3.2% 2A A
2019 4.5% 2A A
2020 5% 2C
2020 3.7% 2D B
2020 3.7% 2A A
2020 3.7% 2E C
2021 4.5% 2A A
2021 4.5% 2F
2022 6% 2A A
2023 9.6% 2G
2023 6.5% 2H A
2024 6.9% 2I A
Referencias:
  1. https://www.lung.org/research/trends-in-lung-disease/tobacco-trends-brief/overall-smoking-trends
  2. Wang, T. W. Tobacco Product Use Among Adults — United States, 2017. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 67, (2018).
  3. Al Rifai M, et al. Abstract 1209-110. Presented at: American College of Cardiology Scientific Session; March 28-30, 2020 (virtual meeting).
  4. WHO. WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2023. Available at: https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/country-profiles/tobacco/gtcr-2023/tobacco-2023-usa.pdf?sfvrsn=c846c88a_3&download=true. Accessed: 8 August 2025.
  5. National Health Interview Survey 2020 (NHIS). https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis/2020nhis.htm
  6. Kramarow, E. A., & Elgaddal, N. (2023). Current Electronic Cigarette Use Among Adults Aged 18 and Over: United States, 2021. National Health Interview Survey 2021 (No. 475; NCHS Data Brief). U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Center for Health Statistics.
  7. National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) 2023 cited in WHO. (2025). WHO global report on trends in prevalence of tobacco use 2000–2024 and projections 2025–2030 (6th edn). World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240116276
  8. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db524.htm
  9. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/smoking.htm#:~:text=Early%20Release%20Tables-,Cigarette%20Smoking,the%20United%20States%2C%202019%E2%80%932023
Comentarios:
  1. Cohort: 18+.
  2. Adults survey: National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), 2020; National, ages 18+
  3. Published on https://rodutobaccotruth.blogspot.com/2021/10/cdc-releases-2020-adult-smoking-vaping.html?m=1&s=03
Year Value Reference/Comment
2020 2.8% 3A A
2020 2.77% 3B B
2021 4% 3C
2023 9% 3D
Referencias:
  1. WHO. WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2023. Available at: https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/country-profiles/tobacco/gtcr-2023/tobacco-2023-usa.pdf?sfvrsn=c846c88a_3&download=true. Accessed: 8 August 2025.
  2. National Health Interview Survey 2020 (NHIS). https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis/2020nhis.htm
  3. Kramarow, E. A., & Elgaddal, N. (2023). Current Electronic Cigarette Use Among Adults Aged 18 and Over: United States, 2021. National Health Interview Survey 2021 (No. 475; NCHS Data Brief). U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Center for Health Statistics.
  4. National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) 2023 cited in WHO. (2025). WHO global report on trends in prevalence of tobacco use 2000–2024 and projections 2025–2030 (6th edn). World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240116276
Comentarios:
  1. Adults survey: National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), 2020; National, ages 18+
  2. Published on https://rodutobaccotruth.blogspot.com/2021/10/cdc-releases-2020-adult-smoking-vaping.html?m=1&s=03
Year Value Reference/Comment
2020 4.6% 3A A
2020 4.55% 3B B
2021 5.1% 3C
2023 10.4% 3D
Referencias:
  1. WHO. WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2023. Available at: https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/country-profiles/tobacco/gtcr-2023/tobacco-2023-usa.pdf?sfvrsn=c846c88a_3&download=true. Accessed: 8 August 2025.
  2. National Health Interview Survey 2020 (NHIS). https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis/2020nhis.htm
  3. Kramarow, E. A., & Elgaddal, N. (2023). Current Electronic Cigarette Use Among Adults Aged 18 and Over: United States, 2021. National Health Interview Survey 2021 (No. 475; NCHS Data Brief). U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Center for Health Statistics.
  4. National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) 2023 cited in WHO. (2025). WHO global report on trends in prevalence of tobacco use 2000–2024 and projections 2025–2030 (6th edn). World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240116276
Comentarios:
  1. Adults survey: National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), 2020; National, ages 18+
  2. Published on https://rodutobaccotruth.blogspot.com/2021/10/cdc-releases-2020-adult-smoking-vaping.html?m=1&s=03
4.3 million
1 A
2020
1.33%
1 A
2020
0.99%
1 A
2020
1.74%
1 A
2020
Year Value Reference/Comment
2017 15.3% 1A A
2020 17.01% 1B B
Referencias:
  1. 1. Wang TW, Asman K, Gentzke AS, et al. Tobacco Product Use Among Adults - United States, 2017. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2018;67:1225-1232. 2. Bao W, Xu G, Lu J, Snetselaar LG, Wallace RB. (2018) Changes in Electronic Cigarette Use Among Adults in the United States, 2014-2016. JAMA. 319(19):2039-2041. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.4658
  2. National Health Interview Survey 2020 (NHIS). https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis/2020nhis.htm
Comentarios:
  1. 1. Data for current use is from the 2017 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). Sample includes adults 18 and over. NHIS is an annual, nationally representative, in-person survey of the non-institutionalized U.S. civilian population. The 2017 Sample Adult component included 26,742 adults. A Gallop poll in 2018 showed a far higher prevalence of current adult vapers (9% total; 2% regular and 7% occasional) 2. Data for 'ever tried/vaped' was used from 2017 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) as reported by Bao et al. (2018)
  2. Published on https://rodutobaccotruth.blogspot.com/2021/10/cdc-releases-2020-adult-smoking-vaping.html?m=1&s=03
Referencias:
  1. National Health Interview Survey 2020 (NHIS). https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis/2020nhis.htm
  2. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/smoking.htm#:~:text=Early%20Release%20Tables-,Cigarette%20Smoking,the%20United%20States%2C%202019%E2%80%932023
  3. National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) 2023 cited in WHO. (2025). WHO global report on trends in prevalence of tobacco use 2000–2024 and projections 2025–2030 (6th edn). World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240116276

Regulación

Year Value Reference/Comment
2017 or earlier Permitidos 1A
2021 Permitidos 1B
Referencias:
  1. Data cross-referenced where possible using the following sources :1. Vapetrotter website. Available at: https://www.vapetrotter.com/laws/ ; 2. Global tobacco control website. Available at:https://www.globaltobaccocontrol.org/node/14052 ; 3. Tobacco Control Laws website. Available at : https://www.tobaccocontrollaws.org/legislation/
  2. Global Tobacco Control. Country Laws Regulating E-Cigarettes. Available at: https://www.globaltobaccocontrol.org/en/policy-scan/e-cigarettes/countries?country=153. Accessed: 24 July 2025.
Year Value Reference/Comment
2017 or earlier 1A
2021 1B
Referencias:
  1. Data cross-referenced where possible using the following sources :1. Vapetrotter website. Available at: https://www.vapetrotter.com/laws/ ; 2. Global tobacco control website. Available at:https://www.globaltobaccocontrol.org/node/14052 ; 3. Tobacco Control Laws website. Available at : https://www.tobaccocontrollaws.org/legislation/
  2. Global Tobacco Control. Country Laws Regulating E-Cigarettes. Available at: https://www.globaltobaccocontrol.org/en/policy-scan/e-cigarettes/countries?country=153. Accessed: 24 July 2025.
Referencias:
  1. Global Tobacco Control. Country Laws Regulating E-Cigarettes. Available at: https://www.globaltobaccocontrol.org/en/policy-scan/e-cigarettes/countries?country=153. Accessed: 24 July 2025.

Disponibilidad

Referencias:
  1. Global Tobacco Control. Country Laws Regulating E-Cigarettes. Available at: https://www.globaltobaccocontrol.org/en/policy-scan/e-cigarettes/countries?country=153. Accessed: 24 July 2025.

Regulaciones y restricciones

1
2021
Year Value Reference/Comment
2017 or earlier
2021 1A A
Referencias:
  1. Global Tobacco Control. Country Laws Regulating E-Cigarettes. Available at: https://www.globaltobaccocontrol.org/en/policy-scan/e-cigarettes/countries?country=153. Accessed: 24 July 2025.
Comentarios:
  1. Packaging must bear the following warning statement: “WARNING: This product contains nicotine. Nicotine is an addictive chemical.”
Year Value Reference/Comment
2017 or earlier Sí: 18 años
2021 Sí: 21 años 1A
Referencias:
  1. Global Tobacco Control. Country Laws Regulating E-Cigarettes. Available at: https://www.globaltobaccocontrol.org/en/policy-scan/e-cigarettes/countries?country=153. Accessed: 24 July 2025.
No
Referencias:
  1. Global Tobacco Control. Country Laws Regulating E-Cigarettes. Available at: https://www.globaltobaccocontrol.org/en/policy-scan/e-cigarettes/countries?country=153. Accessed: 24 July 2025.
Comentarios:
  1. Packaging must bear the following warning statement: “WARNING: This product contains nicotine. Nicotine is an addictive chemical.”

Percepción del daño

Referencias:
  1. Huang J, Feng B, Weaver SR, Pechacek TF, Slovic P, Eriksen MP. Changing Perceptions of Harm of e-Cigarette vs Cigarette Use Among Adults in 2 US National Surveys From 2012 to 2017. JAMA Netw Open. Published online March 29, 20192(3):e191047. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.1047
The GSTHR database is updated regularly by our team. However, please be aware that the information we provide does not constitute legal advice. We cannot guarantee that the information is up to date or accurate, as the regulatory status of different product categories can change at short notice and with little publicity. If you wish to check the legal status of use or possession of any safer nicotine product in a specific country or region, you should verify the information independently. If you have reason to think that the information supplied on the GSTHR is inaccurate, please contact us with details and any references and we will rectify any errors.