Global State of

Tobacco Harm Reduction

Switching to safer nicotine products could be a life-saving intervention for millions of people currently using high-risk tobacco products like combustible cigarettes.


GSTHR maps the global, regional and national availability and use of safer nicotine products, regulatory responses to them, and the public health potential of tobacco harm reduction (THR). Explore any country's data on smoking, vaping, snus, HTP - enter a country name in the search box, or find it on the globe.


Our latest Briefing Paper How snus is replacing smoking in Norway: a revolution led by consumers and product innovation is now available to download.


The Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction 2024: A Situation Report was published in November 2024. Our fourth biennial report uses the latest evidence and new data projections to assess the current global THR situation as well as its potential to rapidly reduce tobacco-related disease and mortality.

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View, download and use GSTHR infographics, charts and graphs:

About 54% of the global adult population live in countries where nicotine vapes are legally available
About 54% of the global adult population live in countries where nicotine vapes are legally available
Excise duty on nicotine vaping products compared to excise duty on cigarettes
Excise duty on nicotine vaping products compared to excise duty on cigarettes
Legal availability of heated tobacco products (2024)
Legal availability of heated tobacco products (2024)
Current use prevalence of HTP according to the most recent survey in EECA
Current use prevalence of HTP according to the most recent survey in EECA

Read and download major GSTHR reports:

GSTHR (Situation Report)
A Situation Report
Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction 2024

The fourth in our biennial GSTHR series, this report tracks the extent to which safer nicotine products are replacing and substituting for combustible and risky oral tobacco products. It is split into two parts, A Global Perspective and Regional and National Insights.

GSTHR2022 RSH Cover
The Right Side of History
Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction 2022

The third report in our biennial GSTHR series documents the search for safer ways to use nicotine and charts the history of tobacco harm reduction with the emergence of new safer nicotine products.

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Burning Issues
Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction 2020

The second in our biennial GSTHR series, this report focuses on the benefits to public and individual health of having available, affordable, appropriate and acceptable safer alternatives to combustible tobacco products.

Fighting the Last War
Fighting the Last War:
the WHO and International Tobacco Control

This 2021 report from K∙A∙C’s Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction argues that “tobacco control policy is frozen in time” while “innovative non-combustible nicotine technology and supporting evidence have moved forwards”.