Курение табака в Швеции

Что такое снюс?

Снюс, используемый в Скандинавии более 200 лет, предлагает курильщикам в Швеции и Норвегии альтернативу горючим сигаретам, но что это такое и почему он считается более безопасным никотиновым продуктом? Цель этого аналитического обзора — дать ответы.

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The European Union (EU) Tobacco Products Directive (TPD) 2016 Changes to the EU TPD

- No Fire, No Smoke: The Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction

The TPD is a Directive of the EU which means that all EU countries must ‘transpose’ or incorporate the TPD requirements into their national laws. The only flexibility permitted is the ability to enact additional regulations. The current Directive entered into force on 19th May 2014 and became applicable in the EU Member States on 20th May 2016.

In 2014 a revised Tobacco Products Directive known as TPD 2 was issued by the EU to update the 2001 Tobacco Products Directive. TPD2 regulates all tobacco products in the European Union and its scope is wide. It covers product regulation in terms of reporting obligations of ingredients and emissions for all tobacco products. It includes product packaging and labelling including the size and appearance of products, traceability features to be fixed onto packaging as well as health warnings. It covers cross-border advertising of tobacco products; it reinforces the ban on oral tobacco products (snus), but importantly it provides for the placing on the market of e-cigarettes and refill containers, as well as making provision for notification of novel tobacco products. It also provides for herbal cigarettes.

See also p. 96 of the report: No Fire, No Smoke: The Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction 2018 — Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction (gsthr.org)

Английский 2546

Prevalence of Daily Smoking and Snus Use in Sweden 1963-2016

Lars Ramström - Institute for Tobacco Studies

Sweden now has the lowest level of smoking among men than for any other country in Europe. According to the European Commission’s Eurobarometer 2017 report, only five percent of Swedish men now smoke. This is only one fifth of the EU average of 24 percent. The Eurobarometer report indicates that all other EU countries have a smoking prevalence three to seven times greater than Sweden. So, something is clearly different about Sweden – and the clear difference is that snus is allowed in Sweden yet banned in the other 27 EU countries.

The changes in the way that tobacco is consumed has, in Sweden as in Norway, come about through two mechanisms. The first is the increasing preference of snus over cigarettes among those starting to use tobacco. Birth cohort data over four decades show that the proportion of men starting to initiate tobacco use from smoking dropped, whilst those initiating tobacco through snus increased. What is also striking is that during these periods the proportion of the population initiating any tobacco use dropped. It is sometimes asserted that the use of snus could be a stepping stone to the smoking of tobacco. This is not supported by the population level smoking and snus data. Neither is it supported by research evidence. The largest study is an analysis of a nationally representative sample of the Swedish population recruited between 2003 and 2011, covering 60,675 individuals. Those who began daily tobacco use using snus were much less likely to subsequently take up smoking than those who had not.

The second mechanism leading to fewer smokers is the use of snus to quit or reduce smoking. Among men, snus is the most commonly used cessation product, while among women, nicotine gum or patches are more common. Success rates using snus are higher than for those using other means. A very high proportion of male (87 percent) and female (86 percent) smokers who takeup snus use quit daily smoking.

See also p. 48 of the report: No Fire, No Smoke: The Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction 2018 — Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction (gsthr.org)

Английский 2063