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Vapeo de cigarrillos electrónicos in España

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Spain Background
Datos obtenidos: 2024.   Página actualizada: 2025-11-05

Los cigarrillos electrónicos están permitidos en España y se comercializan principalmente a través de tiendas minoristas generales. Los consumidores pueden adquirir estos productos legalmente por internet, aunque no se permiten declaraciones de propiedades saludables, y existe una prohibición total de toda forma de publicidad. Curiosamente, los líquidos para vapear no están sujetos a impuestos especiales. Desde el punto de vista normativo, España aplica varios controles clave para los cigarrillos electrónicos: los envases deben ser resistentes a niños y manipulaciones, y los estuches deben llevar advertencias sanitarias. La venta está restringida a mayores de 18 años y, aunque no existe prohibición de sabores, la concentración de nicotina está limitada a 20 mg/mL. Además, existen restricciones al uso de cigarrillos electrónicos en lugares públicos y la capacidad de los depósitos no puede superar los 2 mL. El uso de cigarrillos electrónicos en España es moderado en comparación con algunos otros países europeos. En 2023, había aproximadamente 795.800 vapeadores actuales, con una prevalencia de vapeo en adultos del 2%. En 2020, la prevalencia era del 0,7% en mujeres y del 1,2% en hombres. En 2023, el porcentaje de usuarios diarios era del 0,8%. En 2017, alrededor del 12% de los adultos declararon haber probado cigarrillos electrónicos al menos una vez. En cuanto a la percepción y comprensión pública de los cigarrillos electrónicos, según datos de 2017, la mayoría (60%) consideraba que vapear es perjudicial o más perjudicial que fumar cigarrillos, mientras que el 19% lo consideraba menos perjudicial y el 21% no estaba seguro.

Prevalencia

535,171
1
2021
Year Value Reference/Comment
2017 1% 2A A
2020 0.9% 2B B
2021 1.33% 2C
2023 2% 2D
2024 4.6% 2E
Referencias:
  1. European Commission (2017). Special Eurobarometer 458: Attitudes of Europeans towards tobacco and electronic cigarettes Available at: http://data.europa.eu/euodp/en/data/dataset/S2146_87_1_458_ENG
  2. WHO. WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2023. Available at: https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/country-profiles/tobacco/gtcr-2023/tobacco-2023-esp.pdf?sfvrsn=96126cbc_3&download=true. Accessed: 8 August 2025.
  3. European Commission. (2021). Special Eurobarometer 506: Attitudes of Europeans towards tobacco and electronic cigarettes (S2240_506_ENG). European Commission. http://data.europa.eu/88u/dataset/S2240_506_ENG
  4. European Commission. (2024). Special Eurobarometer 539: Attitudes of Europeans towards tobacco and related products [Dataset]. European Commission. https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/2995
  5. Encuesta sobre Alcohol y Drogas en España 2024 cited in WHO. (2025). WHO global report on trends in prevalence of tobacco use 2000–2024 and projections 2025–2030 (6th edn). World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240116276
Comentarios:
  1. Eurobarometer data provides a representative sample of ~28,000 respondents and estimates the prevalence of vaping for the EU overall, as well as per country. The survey was conducted in March 2017. Covers 28 European Union (EU) countries. Total sample N = 27901, aged 15 and over.
  2. Adults survey: European Health Interview Survey (EHIS), 2019-20; National, ages 15+
Year Value Reference/Comment
2020 0.7% 2A A
2024 4.5% 2B
Referencias:
  1. WHO. WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2023. Available at: https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/country-profiles/tobacco/gtcr-2023/tobacco-2023-esp.pdf?sfvrsn=96126cbc_3&download=true. Accessed: 8 August 2025.
  2. Encuesta sobre Alcohol y Drogas en España 2024 cited in WHO. (2025). WHO global report on trends in prevalence of tobacco use 2000–2024 and projections 2025–2030 (6th edn). World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240116276
Comentarios:
  1. Adults survey: European Health Interview Survey (EHIS), 2019-20; National, ages 15+
Year Value Reference/Comment
2020 1.2% 2A A
2024 4.7% 2B
Referencias:
  1. WHO. WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2023. Available at: https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/country-profiles/tobacco/gtcr-2023/tobacco-2023-esp.pdf?sfvrsn=96126cbc_3&download=true. Accessed: 8 August 2025.
  2. Encuesta sobre Alcohol y Drogas en España 2024 cited in WHO. (2025). WHO global report on trends in prevalence of tobacco use 2000–2024 and projections 2025–2030 (6th edn). World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240116276
Comentarios:
  1. Adults survey: European Health Interview Survey (EHIS), 2019-20; National, ages 15+
Year Value Reference/Comment
2020 0.5% 3A A
2023 0.8% 3B B
Referencias:
  1. WHO. WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2023. Available at: https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/country-profiles/tobacco/gtcr-2023/tobacco-2023-esp.pdf?sfvrsn=96126cbc_3&download=true. Accessed: 8 August 2025.
  2. European Commission. (2024). Special Eurobarometer 539: Attitudes of Europeans towards tobacco and related products [Dataset]. European Commission. https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/2995
Comentarios:
  1. Adults survey: European Health Interview Survey (EHIS), 2019-20; National, ages 15+
  2. E-cigarettes with nicotine
12%
4 A
2017
Referencias:
  1. European Commission. (2021). Special Eurobarometer 506: Attitudes of Europeans towards tobacco and electronic cigarettes (S2240_506_ENG). European Commission. http://data.europa.eu/88u/dataset/S2240_506_ENG
  2. Encuesta sobre Alcohol y Drogas en España 2024 cited in WHO. (2025). WHO global report on trends in prevalence of tobacco use 2000–2024 and projections 2025–2030 (6th edn). World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240116276
  3. European Commission. (2024). Special Eurobarometer 539: Attitudes of Europeans towards tobacco and related products [Dataset]. European Commission. https://europa.eu/eurobarometer/surveys/detail/2995
  4. European Commission (2017). Special Eurobarometer 458: Attitudes of Europeans towards tobacco and electronic cigarettes Available at: http://data.europa.eu/euodp/en/data/dataset/S2146_87_1_458_ENG
Comentarios:
  1. E-cigarettes with nicotine
  2. Eurobarometer data provides a representative sample of ~28,000 respondents and estimates the prevalence of vaping for the EU overall, as well as per country. The survey was conducted in March 2017. Covers 28 European Union (EU) countries. Total sample N = 27901, aged 15 and over.

Promoción de productos

Referencias:
  1. Anti Smoking Global Index. Vaping Products. Available at: https://antismoking.global/world-map. Accessed: 22 July 2025.
  2. Global Tobacco Control. Country Laws Regulating E-Cigarettes. Available at: https://www.globaltobaccocontrol.org/en/policy-scan/e-cigarettes/countries?country=137. Accessed: 5 August 2025.
Comentarios:
  1. Allowed or banned at place of sale or allowed or banned in all media.

Regulación

Year Value Reference/Comment
2017 or earlier Permitidos 1A
2024 Permitidos 1B
Referencias:
  1. Data cross-referenced where possible using the following sources :1. Vapetrotter website. Available at: https://www.vapetrotter.com/laws/ ; 2. Global tobacco control website. Available at:https://www.globaltobaccocontrol.org/node/14052 ; 3. Tobacco Control Laws website. Available at : https://www.tobaccocontrollaws.org/legislation/
  2. Anti Smoking Global Index. Vaping Products. Available at: https://antismoking.global/world-map. Accessed: 22 July 2025.
2
2
Referencias:
  1. Anti Smoking Global Index. Vaping Products. Available at: https://antismoking.global/world-map. Accessed: 22 July 2025.
  2. Data cross-referenced where possible using the following sources :1. Vapetrotter website. Available at: https://www.vapetrotter.com/laws/ ; 2. Global tobacco control website. Available at:https://www.globaltobaccocontrol.org/node/14052 ; 3. Tobacco Control Laws website. Available at : https://www.tobaccocontrollaws.org/legislation/

Disponibilidad

Referencias:
  1. Anti Smoking Global Index. Vaping Products. Available at: https://antismoking.global/world-map. Accessed: 22 July 2025.

Regulaciones y restricciones

1
2022
2 A
2024
Sí: 18 años
3
2016
No
2
2024
Year Value Reference/Comment
2017 or earlier
2024 Igual o menor a 20 mg/ml 2A
Referencias:
  1. Anti Smoking Global Index. Vaping Products. Available at: https://antismoking.global/world-map. Accessed: 22 July 2025.
Year Value Reference/Comment
2017 or earlier
2022 2 ml o menos 1A
Referencias:
  1. Global Tobacco Control. Country Laws Regulating E-Cigarettes. Available at: https://www.globaltobaccocontrol.org/en/policy-scan/e-cigarettes/countries?country=137. Accessed: 5 August 2025.
Referencias:
  1. Global Tobacco Control. Country Laws Regulating E-Cigarettes. Available at: https://www.globaltobaccocontrol.org/en/policy-scan/e-cigarettes/countries?country=137. Accessed: 5 August 2025.
  2. Anti Smoking Global Index. Vaping Products. Available at: https://antismoking.global/world-map. Accessed: 22 July 2025.
  3. https://ec.europa.eu/health/tobacco/products/revision_en
Comentarios:
  1. Text health warnings.

Percepción del daño

Referencias:
  1. Reference: European Commission (2017). Special Eurobarometer 458: Attitudes of Europeans towards tobacco and electronic cigarettes Available at: http://data.europa.eu/euodp/en/data/dataset/S2146_87_1_458_ENG
Comentarios:
  1. Question asked in this survey did not compare harmfulness with cigarettes. The question used was 'Do you think they are harmful to the health of people who use them?' 60% - YES, 19% - NO, 21% DON'T KNOW

Impuesto

Referencias:
  1. Anti Smoking Global Index. Vaping Products. Available at: https://antismoking.global/world-map. Accessed: 22 July 2025.
Comentarios:
  1. No excise taxes on this product.
The GSTHR database is updated regularly by our team. However, please be aware that the information we provide does not constitute legal advice. We cannot guarantee that the information is up to date or accurate, as the regulatory status of different product categories can change at short notice and with little publicity. If you wish to check the legal status of use or possession of any safer nicotine product in a specific country or region, you should verify the information independently. If you have reason to think that the information supplied on the GSTHR is inaccurate, please contact us with details and any references and we will rectify any errors.